Estudio arqueobotánico del sitio arqueológico Yalancay del cantón Alausí, provincia de Chimborazo, para el aprovechamiento turístico.

Abstract

This research proposes to carry out the archaeobotic study of the Yalanchay archaeological site for tourist development. It has three components: the archeobotanic contexts analysis, characterization of botanical macrators and formulation of action and strategies for tourist developmet . Therefore to analyze the archeobotanic contexts, four sampling units were opened in two types of archaeological contexts: agricultural production field and occupation deposits, in order to recover the archaeobotic material. On the other hand the characterization of carpecological macrorrests consisted in the application of the flotation system to recovered sedimentary material, 930 liters of sediments were floated, which meant the recovery of 1078 vegetable macrorrests, which subsequently identified it by a stereomicroscope and referential inventory. Among the recovered families, the next are most important: the cyperaceae, Verbenaceae, Rosaceae, Poacea, Caryophyllaceae, etc. As soon as the four radiocarbonate dates were obtained three chronological dates corresponding to colonial period 50%, republican period 25% and the 25% formative period, thus reflecting a historical trajectory of the associated social occupations. Finally, it was based on a logical framework to establish the action and strategies for the tourist development, also three programs were established, all aligned with the philosophical, strategic and operational proposal, by virtue of allowing the sustainable tourism development of this archaeological heritage. In fact, the implementation of sustainable tourism activities will be aimed at imporve the local economy and that it is a conservation factor of the place, so it is necessary to generate conditions in the community. In addition, it should be noted that the area despite presenting a low density of Carporrests, the Zea Mays taxon was recorded in the training period (530-300 BC), which suggests extending archaeological prospecting projects to permanent field areas, on which the oldest radiocarbon dating comes from the sedimentary levels of these contexts.