Caracterización del espectro de vibraciones de rodamientos de las ruedas delanteras de un automóvil sometidos a una falla incipiente, intermedia y avanzada

Abstract

The objective of this curricular integration work was to characterize the vibrations spectrum of the bearings front wheels of an automobile subjected to an incipient, intermediate and advanced failure, in such a way that the appropriate bearings can be selected to carry out the respective tests in the ideal module. A field investigation was carried out in the different automotive workshops of Riobamba city questioning the use of the bearing NTN AUO 701-4 JAPAN TN and SKF BAH-0092 KOREA M 10L 17 in the front wheels of the vehicles and its existence in the market. In addition to the foundation of calculated and experimental failure frequencies to focus on the ranges of values for rotational elements and rotation frequency criteria. However, the Charlotte charts could be taken as a reference and a criticality distribution, the spectral waves, could be created. that are analyzed in the testing module by means of the vibration spectrum will be the basis for new investigations or monitoring applications for condition-based maintenance detailing the failure, which will lead to better performance and profitability for maintenance. To substantiate the collected values, an average of experimental values of the failure frequencies divided by the shaft rotation frequency should be made, the error between calculated and experimental values should be calculated where absolute errors of around 0,0000575 rpm and relative errors of around 0,05%. It is concluded that they are minimal errors, affirming that the measurements in the bearings and their application for the technical diagnosis of vehicle fleets are reliable. Therefore, it is recommended to continue with the study of condition-based maintenance on the front wheels of vehicles applying axial, radial or other physical loads.