Rediseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la curtiduría Los Andes de la parroquia La Península-Tungurahua

Abstract

In this technical project, it was stated to redesign the residual water treatment system belonging to the Los Andes - Tungurahua Tannery. Through analysis of physicochemical characterization, results were obtained that exposed an inadequate management of liquid waste, not complying the Ministerial Agreement 097-A, TABLE 8. Four water samples were used: untreated fur 1, fur 2 treated by the company, washing and tanning. To select an adequate treatment, a biodegradability index was established for each sample, establishing that a physicochemical treatment is ideal for these cases. For the treatment of fur water from the bathing process and wash water, an 85% formic acid was added to reach a 5.90 pH. For the liquid residue from the tanning stage, calcium hydroxide was added to achieve 9.10 pH. Subsequently, 1% coagulant ferric chloride and 1% anionic polymer were used as an adjuvant, for the treatment of fur water and washing. At tanning water, 1% poly aluminum chloride (PAC) was used as a coagulant and 1% anionic polymer as an adjuvant. In the redesign of the tannery treatment plant, a correct equipment sizing was proposed such as: grids, rectangular dump, degreaser, sludge tray, water tank and high-rate settler. Jug tests were carried out for each sample to obtain the highest efficiency in terms of coagulant and adjuvant dosage. After the treatment, the residual water characterization was carried out, demonstrating that the plant redesign and the proposed dosage reach satisfactory levels. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct the proposed changes to comply with the provisions of the regulations.