Desarrollo de un modelo de mantenimiento basado en el Método Jack Knife para priorización de equipos, toma de decisiones en costos de ciclo de vida y tiempo óptimo de reemplazo

Abstract

The objective of this technical work was to develop a maintenance model that could analyze the failure history of an asset through the Jack Knife method, which carried out a prioritization of equipment. First, it was necessary to calculate the reliability and maintainability of the failure history, important data used in the prioritization method that analyzed the behavior of failures based on the average failure rate, average time to repair and unavailability. These were the limits that allow identifying whether a failure is, critical, acute, critical-acute and slight, according to the location quadrant in the graph and make decisions based on the equipment or component downtime. Subsequently, the failures were analyzed based on the costs, for which the cost dispersion diagram is proposed. It evaluates the unavailability based on the global costs and specific global costs, which made up the intervention costs and failure costs that are clearly related to production and maintenance. Finally, data on hours and costs were obtained, the calculation of the life cycle cost was carried out, which makes up the acquisition costs, operation-maintenance costs and disincorporation evaluated in a useful life of 8 years. Determining the optimal replacement time, obtaining thus, a statistical tool that diagnoses in a more precise way the current state of the equipment based on its history of failures. These were material for tests and analysis of equipment to give a different approach to the reliability of machines in deterministic techniques applied to costs and the maintenance of systems, equipment and components according to the depth of the data.