Elaboración de biopelícula biodegradable a partir del desecho industrial de la semilla de aguacate (Persea americana), para sustituir alternativamente materiales obtenidos de polímeros sintéticos

Abstract

The present work aims to obtain biodegradable biofilms from starch extracted from avocado seeds, searching for more environmentally friendly materials. For its development, an experimental method was applied and the extraction of starch from avocado seeds was carried out. Subsequently, the starch characterization and its formulation were carried out (RPM 1: 10, high revolution for 10 minutes, drying time 71h, RPM 1: 12, high revolution for 12 minutes, drying time 70h, RPM 2: 10, medium revolution for 10 minutes, drying time 74h, RPM 2: 12 high revolutions for 12 minutes, drying time 72h). After the analysis, variables were established to determine thickness, permeability, biodegradation, pH, and temperature. Seeking compliance with various standardized Norms such as ASTM D882 and ISO 20200: 2004. It was possible to produce a biodegradable film from the avocado seed starch, an optimal raw material because it is an unused waste with positive results in performance, permeability and biodegradability, due to the fact that the avocado seed around 15 to 18% of total weight are equivalent to the seed, in which a 70% of the amino acids, and its high starch content are found. It is recommended not to use a high temperature when drying the bioplastic since it will break.