Obtención y caracterización de una biopelícula a partir de plátano verde dominico-hartón (Musa AAB simmonds) para el uso en alimentos

Abstract

The present investigation was developed in order to obtain and characterize a bioplastic from Dominican green plantain-hartón (Musa AAB Simmonds) for the use in food. The Dominican- hartón plantain starch was obtained through the processes of grinding, decanting, drying and sieving A 2k factorial analysis was carried out, considering two blending times with two rpm of the equipment, with a total of four treatments and three replications each, then the experimental part was considered starting with the organoleptic and physical analysis of the raw material, washing, peeling, chopping, weighing and placing it in the blender with a certain volume of water to make the corresponding mixture , it was filtered through a mesh, and the liquid was allowed to settle; the supernatant liquid was separated and the starch (4.5%) was dried in a tray dryer for 24- 48 hours, obtaining thus a fine flour appearance. Different formulations were made for the production of biodegradable films; formulation one was the one that presented the best results when analyzed qualitatively, obtaining a good solubility (76.58%) and a considerable value of permeability to the water steam (0.00462 g / hmMpa); treatment three, presented a low humidity (14.48%) and a considerable value in the permeability to the water steam (0.00144 g / h.m.Mpa); treatments two and four showed a good degradability (99%) and finally the mechanical tests of treatments three and four were the best. The microbiological analysis resulted in the absence of microorganisms in all the treatments; therefore, the values are in the range of the NTC2799 Food Industries norm; the starch obtained is considered suitable for human consumption, as well as for the use in the food, paper, cardboard, plastic industry among others.