Determinación de un diagrama de hidrólisis de piel bovina serrana ecuatoriana con diferentes ácidos en la etapa de piquelado.

Abstract

The objective of the research was to develop a Hydrolysis Diagram of Ecuadorian Serrana Bovine Leather, by applying different acids individually and a standard in the pickling stage of the tanning process and through chemical analysis in this case of the substance skin of each treatment, evaluating the characteristics of the leather. The tanning process was carried out using small cowhide as a raw material; The different parameters such as pH, time, concentrations, water, and chemical products were controlled in each stage and four treatments were applied in the pickling stage, these being: standard acids, sulfuric acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid, obtaining wet blue samples in the tanning stage to determine the skin substance from the ASTM D2868-17 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard and the IUC-10 International Union Chemical Test (IUC) standard, subsequently, the hydrolysis diagram was constructed at starting from the skin substance and the different treatments; Certain characteristics of the leather such as tension, astrometry, percentage of elongation, thickness, whiteness, fullness, color, and touch were evaluated through physical and sensory tests. A statistical method of analysis of variance was used, obtaining similar results between the treatment with standard acids and formic acid, corroborating between chemical, physical and sensory results. It is concluded that from the construction of a hydrolysis diagram the treatments with sulfuric acid and formic acid are similar, these differing in their acid properties, opting for more daily use of formic acid pickle. It is recommended that to obtain this type of diagrams work with other variables of the different stages such as lime, type of salt, de-scaling agents, type of dyeing, among others, and different types of leather.