Diseño y construcción del alerón posterior mediante la variación de posición con la aplicación de un sistema DRS para un vehículo formula SAE perteneciente a la carrera de Ingeniería Automotriz

Abstract

The objective of this work was to design and build a mobile rear spoiler (DRS) that was applied to the Formula SAE vehicle belonging to the Automotive Engineering Career, using electronic control systems, an Arduino board and an electric motor to vary its position, allowing the improvement of aerodynamic loads. For the art study, four GOE airfoils (464, 803, 796 and 479) were taken into account, of which, the 479 airfoil was chosen as the main airfoil and the 464 as the flap because it presented better aerodynamic characteristics. Then, the angle of inclination of the flap aileron with respect to the main aileron and (X, Y) coordinates position were determined. The design of the ailerons and the electronic control was carried out by means of two pushbuttons located on the steering wheel (flap opening) and on the brake pedal (flap closing). The spoilers were built in carbon fiber using the vacuum technique with the help of molds made of laser-cut wood. To vary the position of the flap, the electrical system was generated based on an Arduino board controlling the movement by means of a motor and the signals generated by the pushbuttons. Next, a 1:10 scale model of the real vehicle was made with the front wing and the wing with DRS system, in order to evaluate their aerodynamic performance through a wind tunnel and compare them. The wind tunnel tests determined that the spoiler with DRS system meets the expected requirements compared to the previous spoiler, achieving aerodynamic improvements both in its open and closed position. It is concluded that it is possible for the vehicle to improve its aerodynamic performance. It is recommended to carry out tests with the elaborated device in a real scenario.