Caracterización del aporte polínico de plantas frutícolas y arbustivas en tres muestras de miel procedentes de tres apiarios, ubicados en el cantón Quevedo.

Abstract

The present investigation characterized the pollen contribution of plant species and the classification of honeys based on their botanical origin. This study combined qualitative and quantitative approaches by means of the Shapiro-Wilk test used for data analysis, which proved that the data presented normality for the samples from the State University of Quevedo and Santa Rosa, where the analysis of variance and the Tukey test at 5% were applied. In the case of the October 7th sample, the Kruskal Wallis test was performed, as it did not show normality. In the laboratory, the acetolysis method was used to identify pollen grains using the Motic Plus camera. In the sample from the State University of Quevedo, the following species were identified: Tridax procumbens, Attalea insignis and Corchorus hirtus, honey categorized as bifloral; in the sample from October 7th, different species were identified: Prestoea acuminata, Aiphanes hirsuta, Citrus limon, Melicocca bijuga and Euterpe precatoria honey categorized as multifloral. In the sample from Santa Rosa, the following species were identified: Tridax procumbens, Melicocca bijuga, Nicotiana tabacum, Cassia grandis, Fraxinus chinensis, Astronium megalocarpon and Chamaesyce thymifolia, classifying it as a multifloral honey. It was concluded that the honeys are of the origin of 19 species belonging to 11 families, with the highest amount of pollen grains Tridax procumbens 26.67%, Cynodon dactylon 23.33% and Melicocca bijuga 35.00%, that is why it is recommended to make associations among crops - bees - man to ensure the fruit set and generate an added value to honey according to its origin and nutritional value, factors that will improve the living conditions of our farmers.