Caracterización de suelos asociados a la rizosfera de mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en los páramos de Ganquis y Cubillín de la provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

This research characterized the soils associated with the rhizosphere of mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) in the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties in the moors of Ganquis and Cubillín in Chimborazo province. The study was carried out in the laboratories (GIDAC), in the Faculty of Sciences; Soil laboratory, Biological Sciences laboratory of the Faculty of Natural Resources, ESPOCH by means of established methodologies. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was applied for the statistical analysis with two treatments (localities) and three replications, ANOVA was used to determine the coefficient of variation and TUKEY test at 5% when there were significant differences in these places. The analysis of physical properties in these places showed similarities in terms of sandy loam texture, granular structure, very dark gray color when wet, and very dark grayish brown when dry, bulk density, temperature, and humidity. Chemical properties of the Ganquis soil differ with those of Cubillín in Electrical conductivity, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, assimilable nitrogen, total nitrogen, and R C/N. The moorlands of Cubillín, have better physical-chemical characteristics for mortiño and microbial growth. The metagenomic analysis found five phylum, 25 families, 37 genera and 39 species of beneficial bacteria and two phylum, four families, four genera and 17 species of beneficial fungi. In the Ganquis moorland, four phylum, 12 families, 15 genera, 15 species of beneficial bacteria and one phylum, four families, five genera and five species of beneficial fungi were recorded. The rhizosphere soils associated with beneficial bacteria in Cubillín contemplates Proteobacteria 56.4%; Actinobacteria 17.95%; Firmicutes 12.82%; Bacteroides 10.26% and Cyanobacteria 2.56%. It is recommended to carry out studies about the physical and chemical characterization of moorland soil in undisturbed areas at different depths and to identify microbiological populations.