Evaluación de tres sustratos para la producción de plantas de balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) en vivero, en la provincia de Orellana.

Abstract

The present research was performed to evaluate effect of three substrates on balsa plants (Ochroma pyramidale), through their agronomic characteristics to produce nursery plants in Orellana province. In this research two commercial substrates (Pelles Jiffys and Promix bx) and a non-commercial substrate (coffee husk) were used in three treatments and three replicates; the experimental phase consisted of ten plants selected at random for each replicate with a total of thirty plants per treatment, data were evaluated 45 days after replanting. Then, Analysis of Variance AOFVA and Significance tests for Tukey mean 0,05% were used on the tabulation. The variables evaluated were height, stem diameter, leaf width and length, length, root dry weight, wet weight and plant dry weight, survival percentage, vigor, and leaf color. Pelles, Jiffys presented high significance only in height, as well as the coffee husk had significance only in percentage of survival, the other variables did not present significant differences. The results were evident in coffee husk in survival percentage and leaf color, followed by Pellets, Jiffys, where greater height was observed. The analysis of substrates determined that content of micro and macronutrients in optimal levels is in coffee husk, followed by Pellets, Jiffys and finally pro-mix bx. For economic analysis lower production costs are required for pro-mix bx followed by coffee husk, while higher costs are required for Pellets Jiffys. It is concluded that optimum substrate is coffee husk. It is recommended making a mixture of 50% coffee husk and 50% Pro-mix bx substrate to lower costs when using in an forest nursery.