Desarrollo de un prototipo electromecánico automatizado para la inducción de movimiento en los miembros inferiores en niños con problemas neurológicos y de paraplejía

Abstract

The objective of this project was to develop an automated electromechanical prototype for the induction of movement in the lower limbs of children with neurological problems and paraplegia. The methodology used was Design Thinking, the same one that defined the rehabilitation and exercise of motor reinforcement of children as a critical situation. Then, a design adjustable to the anthropometry under study was established, its geometry was obtained and a static analysis of the prototype was performed in ANSYS, taking a force of 1177.2 N as a critical load; With this, it was verified that the stresses and strains obtained are admissible. For the automation of the prototype, the programming of the exercise routines was carried out and the following mandatory parameters were defined: the speed, operating time and advance of the linear actuators. As a final stage, the graphical interface was changed in Python, which consists of a menu for registering the patient's personal data and programming buttons for the operating parameters of flexo-extension movements (System A) and internal-external rotation (System A). B). The functionality of the prototype was evaluated using the Rula method and a range of motion was obtained in the hip of (24 - 53) °, in the knee (22 - 47) °, in the ankle (2 - 8) °, in internal rotation of (20 – 22) ° and external rotation of (9 – 10) °; what are the values within those admissible in the ISEN software. With this, an efficiency of 93% was obtained in system A and 89.5% in system B. It is concluded that the prototype allows the patient to be placed in a standing position and induce flexion movements in the hip and lower limbs. with different intensities. It is recommended to implement an electrotherapy system in the prototype to strengthen the rehabilitation of lower limbs.