Implementación de un módulo de simulación para el diagnóstico vibracional de la excentricidad estática del motor de inducción para el rotor kit del laboratorio de diagnóstico técnico y eficiencia energética

Abstract

The objective of this technical project was to implement a simulation module to diagnose static eccentricity faults that occur in induction motors. This type of motor was chosen to help diagnose rotating electrical machines as it is very popular in the industrial environment. Initially, for the construction of the module, the instruments and operating parameters of the equipment were selected, with the peripheral pump being the main equipment of the module with the presence of a fault. Subsequently, the design and modeling of the constituent elements was carried out using the SolidWorks Academic software. Finally, in the construction stage, each subsystem was installed and assembled to reach the operation and test stage. The methodology used for the diagnosis and detection of static eccentricity failure was carried out through the technique of spectral analysis of mechanical vibrations, for which it was necessary to simulate loads through variable pressures, strangling the fluid flow through the ball valve in the line pumping system discharge. For the analysis and interpretation of results, data was collected using the Vibracheck ABG 200 vibration collector on the rigid point called insert or target in the horizontal radial plane of the pump, which together with the MAINTraq Predictive software was able to identify the harmonics and characteristic spectra of fault; by means of them, curves were elaborated to show that the static eccentricity presents characteristic harmonics at specific frequencies, this being twice the line frequency (2FL). It concludes that the harmonics at 120 Hz remain constant regardless of the load representing the static eccentricity failure. To confirm that the increase in pressure does not affect the 2FL variable, it is recommended to carry out the correlation test with 95% confidence.