Diseño y construcción de una máquina extrusora de filamentos a partir de los residuos plásticos de impresiones 3D para el Grupo de Investigación GIDETER-ESPOCH

Abstract

The objective of this study was to desing and build a filament extruder machine from 3D printing plastic waste for the GIDETER-ESPOCH research group. For which the QFD methodology was implemented, detailed procedures were carried out so that the project is understood and how its elaboration was carried out, the review of bibliography or study of art was a fundamental part of the project, through this it was known that thermoplastic materials can be reused, later through calculations the main dimensions of the machine were obtained, performance tests were carried out taking into consideration important parameters such as temperature, capacity, speed, etc. Work was carried out using the ASTM D6110 standard to verify the properties of the filament obtained and a comparison was made with non-reused filaments, using a Charpy impact test. As a result, the design and construction of an efficient machine was obtained, easy to use and that solves the needs for which it was built, also working with engineering programs which facilitate the design and construction. The results of the filaments obtained were acceptable with respect to the comparison of the impact tests carried out with the reused and non-reused filaments. Thermoplastic materials can be reused, in this case it was used to obtain filaments for 3d printing for the GIDETER-ESPOCH research group. It was concluded based on previously analyzed studies that the extruder machine would use PLA as raw material because it is the material that presents the best extrusion behavior. It is recommended to carry out multiple impact tests to obtain better results when comparing mechanical properties and to carry out multiple performance tests of the extruder machine to verify the operating parameters.