Evaluación de dos sustratos y dos enraizadores en la propagación vegetativa de Spirotheca awadendron (ceibo) y Cinchona pubescens (cascarilla) en el noroccidente de Pichincha.

Abstract

The objetive of the research was to vegetatively propagate the forest species Spirotheca awadendron and Cinchona pubescens using two types of substrates and two different rooting agents, under greenhouse conditions in the province of Pichincha. Two trails were carried out, one for each specie, using a completely randomized block desing with a bifactorial structure with 4 treatments, 4 replications and 12 cuttings per experimental unit. The factors evaluated were 2 types of substrates and 2 types of chemical and organic rooting agents, were the substrates and were combined: A1: Moorland soil 80% + Pomina 10% + rice husk 10%, A2: Forest soil 70% + coffee husk 30%, with the rooting agents: B1: hormonagro1 (Naftaleneacetic acid): 30g/L, B2: Aloe vera gel: 1L. For rooting agents application, the method of prolonged soaking was used for 12 and 24 hours respectively. According to obtanied results, statistically Spirotheca awadendron did not show significant differences for factor A and the AxB interaction, while factor B did show significance, with Aloe vera standing out with 37%, while hormonagro1 showed 24.44% survival. Economically, the production costs per plant showed very high values, thus decreasing its profitability, since their values ranged from $1,47; $2.12; $2.86 $3,63 USD for treatments T2, T4, T3, T1 respectively. Cinchona Pubescens showed negative results, since 30 days after installation, dead cutting were observed, so no análisis was performed. It is concluded that the organic rooting agent Aloe vera is a preliminary alternative for the reproduction of Spirotheca awadendron. It is recommended to use other rooting applicaton methods and to test different doses in order to obtain higher survival percentages and thus lower production costs.