Caracterización dendrológica y taxonómica de las especies conocidas como barbasco, en el Recinto La Delicia, parroquia La Belleza, provincia de Orellana.

Abstract

The objective of this research was the dendrological and taxonomic characterization of the species known as barbasco. The botanical samples of plants were obtained in three rural areas: La Delicia, Manguilla, and Mono Uno, corresponding to La Belleza parish, in Puerto Francisco de Orellana canton, at an altitude of 313 meters above sea level. The specimens were collected because of their common name called barbasco and also because of their use as ichthyotoxins. The specimens were carefully placed in a newspaper to a press attached with ropes, to be transported to the herbarium of the ESPOCH-Riobamba, once in the herbarium the samples were dried in the oven to remove all moisture, then proceeded to its identification, obtaining their scientific names of the samples, all this after the Ministry of Environment authorization, Water and Ecological Transition because they are endangered forest species. In the characterization of the collected plant samples, 5 species were found that respond to Phyllanthus anisolobus, Clibadium surinamense, Machaerium floribundum, Machaerium millei, Banisteriopsis caapi and 4 families belonging to Phyllanthaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, found in association with crops such as: Cocoa, corn, coffee, banana and these are used by the population of the areas for fishing, cultivated by the natives, to conclude, among the identified species in the herbarium and the most important sample among the ichthyotoxic plants is the: Machaerium, Then Clibadium followed by Phyllanthus finally Banisteriopsi. Therefore, it is recommended to continue with complementary research regarding the uses that can be given to them as insecticides and in other areas where there is no adequate knowledge or identification.