Estudio del potencial degradativo de hongos lignocelulolíticos sobre corteza de pino y su efecto en la producción de Bocashi.

Abstract

This research aimed to study the degradative potential of lignocellulolytic fungi on pine bark and its effect on the production of bocashi. Commercial strains of the fungi Pleurotus sp. and Ganoderma sp. were obtained for the development of the research work. These ones were associated with wood decomposition according to literature. Pinus radiata bark was obtained from a commercial sawmill. Two culture media were evaluated for the standardization of the support and growth media of the fungi: Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Modified Malt Agar. Amended Agar with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g / L) of bark of pulverized pine was used in order to determine the adaptability and growth of the fungi in the pine bark. An accelerated rotting experiment was carried out in order to determine the decomposition potential using pine bark test bodies inoculated with the different fungi under study, determining the change in weight and volume after 30 days after inoculation. Differential culture media were used for qualitative quantification for enzyme quantification (ligninases and cellulases). Finally, a standard recipe was followed in the elaboration of bocashi to analyze the effect of Pleurotus spp. and Ganoderma spp. as inoculums in the elaboration of bocashi using as one of the materials pine bark. The modified malt agar medium was the best in vitro growth and support medium for the evaluated fungi, and the Ganoderma sp. was the fungi that presented the best development in the growth and support media. However, Pleurotus sp. grew better at any concentration of pine bark agar, which produced a greater quantity of lignocellulolytic enzymes, significantly modified the volume and weight of the test bodies, significantly influenced the chemical properties of the bocashi and did not affect the germination of the evaluated plant species.