Caracterización de los hongos asociados a la rizósfera de Vaccinium floribundum Kunth en el páramo de Ganquis, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The research aims to characterize the fungi associated with the rhizosphere of Vaccinium floribundum Kunth in the moorland of Ganquis of Chimborazo province. The metagenomic analysis to the soil samples was used, 5 simple soil samples were taken from the first 20 cm of the horizon A, in which they were homogenized, and 3 samples composed of 150 g of soil were obtained. They were sent to a specialized laboratory for the respective analysis. The predominant texture of soil was sandy-loam because of the edapho-climatic characteristics of the moorland of Ganquis, it included a density of 2.12 g/cm3, a block structure and granular, black soil color and moisture from 14.69% to 83.45%. In the same way, it was determined that the soil pH was 7.47 and organic matter was 9.19%. On the other hand, 162 species of fungi were found in the rhizosphere of V. floribundum, in which the sub-kingdom predominant was Dikarya (150 species belong to this), determining that the moor was a good place for a great fungal diversity to develop. Additionally, it was determined that of the 162 species of fungi found 25 were characterized by being beneficial which correspond to the 15.43%, 34 species were plant pathogens, these being 20.99% and 103 species were found without use, which represented 63.58%. In this sense, it was possible to determine that in the moor of Ganquis there was a great diversity of fungi associated with the rhizosphere of mortiño; for which it is recommended to obtain consortia of fungi from the rhizosphere of mortiño through practical methodologies to the production of bio-inputs that promote plant development.