Estudio del impacto de la troposfera sobre la Señal de GPS L1 en la ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

The impact produced by the layers of the atmosphere on the signal emitted from the satellites has been analyzed and studied with great importance since it is possible to evaluate the effect produced on the signs. One of the layers according to its composition and characteristics that severely reduces the signal at high frequencies is the troposphere. In the case of the global positioning system (GPS), its signal suffers a delay when passes through the atmosphere during the transmission time interval. The 90% of the total delay is related to the wet and dry components of the tropospheric layer. The tropospheric delay depends directly on the atmospheric pressure, which is influenced by water vapor and temperature, seriously affecting the accuracy of the receiver on the ground. The proposed objective is to estimate the delay suffered by the GPS signal considering the tropospheric characteristics in Riobamba city under different circumstances such as days with higher and lower humidity, as well as accumulated precipitation based on the Saastamoinen model. The data extracted from the GNSS station that is part of the Continuous Monitoring Network of Ecuador (REGME) is analyzed in parallel to assess the impact on accuracy in the final positioning solution of the receiver. Through this process, it is possible to determine how the tropospheric conditions affect the signals of satellite communication systems, in this case evaluating the GPS positioning system.