Evaluación de tres prácticas de agricultura de conservación en el sistema de producción papa –avena vicia– maíz en la microcuenca del río Puculpala.

Abstract

This investigation aimed to evaluate three conservation agriculture practices in the potato, oat-vetch, and corn production system in the Puculpala River micro-basin; the experimental design used was the Completely Randomized Block Design "CRBD" with 9 treatments (including the control) with three replications. The photocolorimetric method was used to identify the nitrogen in the form of ammonium (NH4), and the phosphorus (P) whereas the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used to identify the potassium (K). In addition, the yield in kg ha-1 and the economic analysis of the crops in rotation (potato year 2019, oats-vetch year 2019, soft corn year 2020) was analyzed in dollars per hectare. The contents of 12.64%, 15.20% and 4.66% of nitrogen in the form of ammonium (NH4), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), respectively, were determined with the conservation agriculture practices at 500 days of evaluation in relation to the control. As for the yields of potato crop year 2019, oats-vetch year 2019 and soft corn year 2020, it reports increases of 43.40% (T6), 46.08% (T4) and 46.61% (T4), respectively, in relation to the control. In addition, the best economic increases for potato crop year 2019, oats-vetch year 2019 and soft corn year 2020, are 51.96%, 70.02% and 58.96% respectively, in relation to the control. It is concluded that the Conservation Agriculture practices, with the interaction, with ditches, with reduced farming., with residue were the best in providing soil nutrients, yield and economic increase. It is recommended to implement conservation agriculture practices to improve soil fertility and increase yield and economic incomes.