Caracterización de los residuos generados en el proceso de deshidratación de tres tipos de frutas.

Abstract

This bibliographic research aims to know the physical-chemical characterization of the waste generated in the dehydration process of three types of fruits (banana, pineapple and mango). Through descriptive analysis supported by university thesis and review articles, the nutritional and energy values of banana peel were known showing that it is a rich source of carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose and sucrose that directly influences its energy value 4696,67 kcal. In addition, its composition of cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and pectin allow it to reach average values of 11.07% in fiber and 14.13% in ash. In pineapple waste, in the crown, its average composition is 57.12% in fiber, while in the peel it presents very high carbohydrate values 70.74% with low caloric values 3.38 Kcal which depends specifically of the type of maturity or harvest that takes place in the field. In addition, the mango peel is characterized by its high concentration of carbohydrates 58.98%, this is due to the sugar it has in it. It also contains an average of 16.31% of fiber. On the other hand, the greatest waste in the dehydration process of the three fruits analyzed is pineapple with a value of 61% of the total weight of the fruit, while the mango can generate a waste of 52.48%. Finally, it is proposed to generate bioethanol, feed or nutritional blocks from the peel for animal feeding. It is also recommended to investigate more studies with different alternatives of fruits of several seasons to know their physical-chemical composition and to deepen the knowledge about the benefits that fruit waste can toast.