Evaluación del uso racional de analgésicos en el servicio de hospitalización del Hospital Geriátrico Dr. Bolivar Arguello, Riobamba

Abstract

The purpose of this study aimed to evaluate the rational use of analgesics in the hospitalization service of the Hospital Geriátrico Doctor Bolívar Arguello. The design used was a descriptive, non-experimental, and retrospective type, where 559 medical records were collected from hospitalized patients during the year 2019, considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria a sample of 195 medical records was obtained. A data collection card was designed using Microsoft Excel for tabulation and analysis. Analgesics were classified by their therapeutic subgroup and drug-related problems (DRP) were identified according to the Third Consensus of Granada. As a result, it was identified that 69.74% of the medical records belonged to women and 64.62% corresponded to patients who were among the ages of 75-90 years old, nociceptive pain was more frequent; being arterial hypertension (22.90%), the most frequent disease. The analgesic subgroup with the highest amount of prescription were NSAIDs, the majority was the use of paracetamol (62.73%), acid acetylsalicylic (6.31%), metamizole (3.85%), ketorolac (0.69%), ibuprofen (0.31%), and diclofenac (0.08%). In the subgroup of opioids, the most prescribed was tramadol (19.45%), morphine (6.31%), and buprenorphine (0.27%). It was identified that there was no rational use of analgesics with 80.51% since different types of DRP were found such as Dose/regimen no adequate (0.92%), prescription errors (6.06%), and interactions (93.03%). In addition, during the study, moderate (50.9%), mild (33.3%), and severe interactions were found (15.8%). Finally, training was carried out for the hospital's health staff about the appropriate use of analgesics to be aware of the main causes that the incorrect handle of these can lead to disaster. It is recommended to train all hospital health staff constantly to promote and prevent the inappropriate use of analgesics in the elderly.