Análisis de la capacidad para atenuar impactos automovilísticos de modelos barreras de protecciones viales en carretera, según reglamentos UNE EN 1317 por el método de elementos finitos

Abstract

This experimental research aimed to analyze the ability to attenuate automobile impacts of road protection barriers on the road, according to the regulations of the UNE EN 131 standard through finite methods. It was performed a literature review of different types of trials which allow considering the immersed factors in crashes. As well; three types of cars were modeled (light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles) and a manikin to perform the respective simulations in the LS-DYNA software. To determine the mesh elements of cars, road barriers, and the manikin. It was used elements SHELL and SOLID type in 2 dimensions, which allows the similarity in the mesh contemplating the majority of elements squares and the minority in triangles; as recommended by the developer of the software presenting a Jacobian mesh criterion of 0.3 (acceptable). It was proposed a road barrier composed of 200x100x3mm C profile, 100x5mm square pipe, with the material type MAT_024 similar to steel (Modulus of elasticity of 200GPa). A Toshiba Intel XEON computer with 32Gb of RAM with the LS-DYNA SOFTWARE R8 version performed the simulation of the phenomenon giving results in 10 hours of reproduction. The barrier proposal can withstand a SCANIA 38000Kg heavy-duty truck with a working width of 3005mm and a G-force in the head of 2.61G. Concluding that the proposed barrier would be great utility preventing injury or death in the manifestation of a crash. Recommending the use of simulations with simplified models as they provide logical values concerning those that could be obtained in real tests, or with simulations carried out with complete samples.