Evaluación vertical de los cationes: K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ e H+ en suelos altoandinos de la microcuenca del río Atillo

Abstract

High Andean moorlands constitute valuable ecosystems, since they have a high potential for storage and water regulation. The inadequate use of natural resources and the demographic increase have contributed to the expansion of the agricultural frontier, whose impact is reflected in the abandonment of agricultural plots to become natural grasslands. The research was carried out in order to evaluate the vertical concentration of K +, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Na + and H + cations in the fluvial system soils of Atillo River micro-basin and periglacial system in Sangay National Park. It was carried out through a previously established profile sampling under a criterial and randomized approach. By means of standardized laboratory analysis, CIC parameters were determined; this allowed obtaining the profiles mean, Profile 1 (P1) 2.45 Cmol / Kg; Profile 2 (P2) 5.22 Cmol / Kg; Profile 3 (P3) 10.75 Cmol / Kg; Profile 4 (P4) 6.46 Cmol / Kg and Profile 5 (P5) 18.65 Cmol / Kg. Regarding the percentage of OM per profile, the following results were obtained: profile 1 (P1) 19,45; Profile 2 (P2) 16.01; Profile 3 (P3) 5.97; Profile 4 (P4) 8.87; Profile 5 (P5) 3.02%. For the statistical analysis an ANOVA was used to determine the data normality; then, the non-parametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to compare pH, CE and DA physicochemical properties; while for CIC and MO percentage, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used. Of the 5 profiles analyzed, profile 3 (P3) and profile 5 (P5) were the ones with the highest CIC and for OM, (P1) and (P2) are the ones with the highest percentage. It is concluded that there is a heterogeneity in terms of the CIC and percentage of Organic Matter per profile analyzed. The recommendation for upcoming research is to focus on a larger area with more profiles to be compared with the research results.