Influencia de la acidez del suelo en la capacidad de intercambio catiónico (Bases+CIC) de la microcuenca del río Atillo y Ozogoche, del Parque Nacional Sangay

Abstract

The aim of the current research was to determine the variability of the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) in the soils of Atillo and Ozogoche river micro-basins, applying the ammonium acetate method which consisted on two stages, the first stage had to do with the extraction of 50 samples, 25 from Atillo and 25 from Ozogoche, for each point two samples were taken from 0 to 30 cm and from 30 to 60 cm in depth with three types of strata such as Crops, Paramo grassland and Floodplain grassland. The second stage was the laboratory one, in which exchangeable cations such as Calcium (Ca++), Magnesium (Mg ++), Sodium (Na +) and Potassium (K +) were determined, this was carried out by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy in which 5g of soil was weighed per sample, 25ml of 1M ammonium acetate was added, stirred and left for 24 hours, then it was vacuum filtered and once the sample was prepared, it was filled into 100 ml volumetric balloons, finally it was processed in the spectrophotometer. In addition, pH measurement was carried out through the potentiometer method to obtain active acidity. For the statistical analysis, the factorial analysis of variance ANOVA was used and the results were that the active acidity of the soil does not influence the CEC. It was concluded that there is no any correlation between the hydronium and the CEC, in addition there are no significant differences in the results obtained according to the depths in the different strata. Thus, it is recommended to analyze another type of acid cation correlation such as: Aluminum (Al 3+) and ammonium (NH4 +) related to the CEC, and study other parameters which may alter the cation exchange in the Andean paramo.