Diseño, construcción, automatización y determinación de los parámetros de funcionamiento de un aireador difusor tornado para el sector camaronero

Abstract

The objective of this work is the design of a tornado diffuser aerator, its construction and automation, as well as the determination of its operating parameters, aimed at improving dissolved oxygen levels in aquaculture ponds. The hydraulic design of the aerator was carried out following the design methodology of hydraulic turbomachines, thus obtaining the main dimensions of the impeller. Furthermore, using Flow Simulation, a CFD analysis of the shaft-impeller assembly was performed, determining the maximum speeds and pressures generated during the permanent regime, and the simulation was also run in the transitory regime. The other mechanical elements were calculated theoretically. Once the machine was built, an open loop control was implemented, using a digital timer and a frequency variator to control the start of the aerator, tests were carried out in the laboratory and in the field. The laboratory tests were carried out in a controlled environment in a 12.5 m3 concrete pond, where, with the help of a dissolved oxygen meter and the respective methodology, the standard oxygen transfer rate (OTS) and the aeration efficiency standard (SAE), were determined, which values were 1,641 kgO2 / h and 1,094 kg O2 / kWh. The field tests were carried out in a 3000 m2 pond with the presence of shrimp with 60 days of culture, where the mathematical relationships of distance and depth with oxygen transfer were determined. It is concluded that the tornado diffuser aerator managed to improve the dissolved oxygen concentration of the pond, for better results it is recommended to implement a closed loop control with the help of a dissolved oxygen controller.