Diseño y construcción de un dron rociador de fertilizantes y pesticidas con capacidad util de carga de 5 kg y autonomia de vuelo mínima de 8 minutos

Abstract

The present work called Design and Construction of a Sprinkler Drone of Fertilizers and Pesticides with a Useful Load Capacity of 5 kg and a Minimum Flight Autonomy of 8 Minutes; It was carried out with the purpose of creating a functional airship focused on the agricultural sector as an aid for the management of agrochemicals in the plantations and the control of pests. Thus, three possible alternatives were analyzed considering the voice of the user and of the engineer, then, a solution was chosen that raises a structure made of materials composite and aluminum, with a conservative profile to take advantage of the very structure of the drone for the irrigation set. The theory of momentum was used to determine the necessary parameters for the selection of electronic elements; together with the SolidWoks software help the components were modeled and dimensioned, thus verifying their resistance and safety factor by means of the finite element method in Ansys. The next phase was the construction of the warehouse, starting with the CNC cutting of fiber plates carbon to assemble the base structure; then the flight controller was selected, motors, battery and other elements, to finally mount and configure them properly for all function as a single flight set. Results obtained through tests in the field are satisfactory, being able to verify the autonomy, resistance and stability of the aircraft throughout the development of the project. The use of this type of aircraft is recommended industrial only for trained personnel not for people with little or no experience in drone flight, due to the potential dangers to which its integrity is exposed.