Diseño y construcción de un equipo de cremación para la incineración de residuos biológicos generados en el bioterio de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to design and build a team for the incineration of biological waste generated in the Bioterio of the Faculty of Sciences to solve the need for the final disposal of this type of waste, so that the volume of material will be reduced and It will be a more friendly way of contacting the environment by avoiding major sources of contamination. For sizing, the minimum heat required for incineration was calculated using direct flame contact, establishing temperature and time parameters required in the process. Subsequently, by using the Matlab program, the optimal insulation thickness options in question for the equipment structure based on a heat transfer analysis in materials were analyzed, and a CONCRAX 1300 type refractory concrete equipment was created that forms thickness of 10 cm and a 4 mm naval steel cover, in addition the equipment has a diesel burner with a consumption rate of 0.5 to 3 GPH, a chimney of 2.46 m in height and 15 cm in diameter for the evacuation of the combustion gases and a J type thermocouple for temperature control and its respective panel. Once the incineration process was completed, a reduction in the amount of biological waste between 85 and 90% by mass was achieved and the measurement of the combustion gases were subject to the limits permitted by environmental law. To achieve better effectiveness of the process, it is recommended to preheat the oven for 5 minutes prior to the main operation.