Evaluación de la prescripción y uso racional de antibióticos orales en pacientes de consulta externa del Centro de Salud Tipo B Santa Rosa- Riobamba.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the prescription and rational use of oral antibiotics in outpatients of the Centro de Salud Tipo B Santa Rosa - Riobamba during January - June 2020. The design used for the research was of non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective type. By means of the systematic review of medical histories and oral antibiotic prescriptions. 113 prescriptions were selected to perform the analysis of possible errors in the prescription and 129 medical histories for the analysis of rational use, by identifying the possible errors in the prescription based on the omission of the concentration and pharmaceutical form, and the related problems with medications based on the classification of the "Second Consensus of Granada". The prescribed antibiotics were correlated with the therapeutic protocol of the Ministerio de Salud Pública Del Ecuador (MSP) in order to verify if the pharmacological treatment is based on it. As a result, it was identified that the most prescribed antibiotic was ciprofloxacin with 29.05% prescribed in urinary tract infection, which was also diagnosed in 39.30% in the study population, the female population was the one that most frequently attended to the health center with 75.19%. In addition, it was identified that 39.19% of the prescriptions presented problems related to medications based on the information shown in the medical history. In the correlation of pharmacological treatment with the MSP therapeutic protocol, 74.56% of the prescriptions are based on it. Concluding that in the Centro de Salud Tipo B Santa Rosa - Riobamba the irrational use of oral antibiotics was not observed, however, it is necessary to implement analyses to identify antimicrobial resistance and avoid the empirical prescription of antibiotics.