Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de máquina de soldadura por fricción lineal de acrílico.

Abstract

The main objective was to design and build a prototype of a linear friction stir welding machine to join acrylic, giving the national industry a better option when joining this material. The theoretical bases are reviewed in chapter two, where mainly friction welding is reviewed. The methodology, design and construction carried out to conceive the prototype of the welding machine are shown in chapter three, for the design, the welding parameters were determined to be able to perform this union in acrylic, which was done through simulations by the finite element method, the most appropriate mechanism was selected and incorporated in the machine. An optimized CAD model was made with which later stress analysis was performed on the elements of the mechanism, the construction and assembly of the prototype machine was carried out, with which tests were performed to verify that the parameters obtained during the simulations are the correct ones to perform the linear friction welding. The results of the tests indicate that in order to weld acrylic plates with the machine built, a vibration frequency of 100 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, fixed values in the machine, a pressure greater than 1.1 MPa and welding times greater than 8 seconds must be applied. Tensile and impact strength tests were carried out on linear friction welded specimens and compared with whole, unwelded specimens. Where, it was determined that the tensile strength of the weld zone is 5% lower compared to the acrylic base material, but it barely reaches 12% of the impact strength of the base material. In chapter five the dimensions, characteristics, costs and applications that the obtained machine has are indicated.