Desarrollo de una metodología para determinar la criticidad de los sistemas en edificios universitarios. Caso de estudio: edificios del decanato de la Facultad de Mecánica y carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to develop a methodology that allows to rank and prioritize systems that make up the university buildings built in the Sierra region of Ecuador; becoming a parameter that allows the correct distribution and allocation of human, physical and economic resources for maintenance to the systems that most require it. This methodology was developed in three stages: first, selection and weighting of the evaluation criteria adaptable to a building, for which a survey of experts in Civil Engineering and Architecture was carried out, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used; subsequently, the assessment scales and methods for evaluating the criteria were defined; finally, the methodology was validated by applying it to two case studies, the building of the "Dean of the Faculty of Mechanics" and the building of the "Mechanical Engineering Career", determining the "Critical", "Semi critical" and "No critics ”of each building. Since not all buildings have the same systems, it was required to recalculate the weights of the evaluation criteria. The work determined that the building of the "Mechanical Engineering Career" has two "Critical" systems, fourteen "Semi Critical" systems and nine "Non-critical" systems; and the building of the "Dean of the Faculty of Mechanics" has nineteen "Critical" systems, sixteen "Semi Critical" systems and eight "Non-critical" systems; and at the building level the "Mechanical Engineering Career" has 50.46% criticality compared to the building of the "Dean of the Faculty of Mechanics" with 49.54%, taking into account that the number of systems did not influence the final results of the buildings. The use of the methodology for the correct allocation and use of technical-economic resources is recommended for a correct management of the maintenance of university buildings.