Factores de riesgo asociados a la morbilidad materna grave en las pacientes atendidas en emergencias del Hospital General Docente Riobamba mediante regresión logística, 2018 – 2019

Abstract

The objective of this research work is to identify the risk factors associated with severe maternal morbidity in patients treated at the General Hospital of Riobamba, period January 2018 - December 2019. It is a retrospective investigation that compares 63 pregnant women with severe maternal morbidity with another 63 pregnant women without serious maternal morbidity, the information was gotten from the medical records of the 126 pregnant women, 18 variables were considered, 10 qualitative variables and 8 quantitative variables. The statistical association of each explanatory variable with the explained variable was analyzed using the Chi-square test with a confidence level of 95%, the Mantel-Haenszel test was applied to find any interaction effect between explanatory variables and finally, it was performed logistic regression analysis to determine the adjusted and statistically significant Odds Ratio of each of the variables that explain severe maternal morbidity. The results show that the average age of the patients with the pathology was 27.8 years, 51% were diagnosed with severe pre-eclampsia, 33% with hypovolemic shock, 13% with septic shock, no interaction effects were detected between explanatory variables and multiple pregnancy was identified as risk factors OR: 2.55 and 95% CI: 1.11-6.06 and anemia OR: 10.99 and 95% CI: 2.53-79.00 and as a protection factor for occupation OR: 0.413 and 95% CI: 0.175 ± 0.937; the predictive capacity of the best model is 70.6%; sensitivity 71.4% and specificity 69.8%. Being multi-pregnant and having anemia are identified risk factors and therefore it is recommended to socialize the results found by the responsible personnel at the hospital, where the possible risk of serious maternal morbidity is manifested in multi-pregnant women with mild, moderate or severe anemia.