Análisis estadístico espacial con patrones de puntos para caracterizar la biomasa forestal aérea en ceja andina de la zona sur occidental del Parque Nacional Sangay

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to analyze models of spatial point patterns, to characterize the aerial forest biomass of the Andean brow bone of the south western zone of the Sangay National Park, using data from the Research Group for Environment and Climate Change (GIDAC -ESPOCH), in conglomerates called secondary forest BS, primary forest BP and forest plantations PF. The study of forest variables is relevant in the scientific, political and environmental field due to its implications in modifying the dynamics of ecosystems; the aerial forest biomass variable had 407 data. Outliers were identified in the database, which were separated from the study but the respective filling with the median was performed. With the spatial descriptive analysis of the BS, BP and PF, supported by the calculation by quadrants, the conglomerates were analyzed in order to reject or not reject the hypothesis of homogeneous concentration (AEC), for the number of quadrants 26, 25 and 13, a p lower than our significance level of 0.05 was obtained, while the parcels that are from the BS and PF, with a number of quadrants of 16, 15, the null hypothesis is rejected, and the plots of the primary forest in the quadrant of 16 in the 3 plots, the p is: 0.7728 0.1294 0.9566 respectively, so the null hypothesis was rejected. The Patterson-Fry method, which shows high clumping of dots in the center of the graph, follows an aggregate pattern or process. Homogeneous and non-homogeneous K (r) and pair–correlation g (r) curve graphs resulted in an aggregate process. The highest concentration of aerial biomass corresponds to BS with 76.77 Mg / ha and to parcel 1 with 28.40 Mg / ha.