Determinación del comportamiento hídrico de la subcuenca del río Patate, en el cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua para un tiempo de retorno de 5-15-25 años

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to determine the hydric behavior of Patate river sub-basin in San Pedro de Pelileo County, Tungurahua Province for a return period of 5-15 and 25 years, the main goal was to simulate the hydrological behavior of rain events during 7 years (2013-2019) and for the different return periods, it was necessary to use HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center´s Hydrologic Modeling System) software. Through the collection of data information as an essential part of the modeling, a morphometric characterization of the sub-basin, which area is 276.7 Km2, was obtained with the use of ArcGIS. For carrying out the research, it was necessary to take into account the hydrological information of Huambaló -M0380 Meteorological station. To accomplish the objective, some hydrological data of the area were obtained through I.D.F. curves, with regard to the variation of intensities for the three return times, it was necessary to apply Gumbel type I probabilistic distribution. According to the modeling, it was possible to observe the flow variation as well as the following results: for a 25-year return time, the highest flow volume (1177.9 m3 was obtained. Since the application of the probabilistic distribution through Gumbel, it is concluded that the results obtained with HEC-HMS software which reflects the hydric behavior of the sub-basin, there is a prediction that precipitations will be under 39.59, 58.55 and 70.29 mm for the 5, 15 and 25-year return time respectively. It is probable that for a longer return time under the conditions of the area, floods will occur. It is recommended that even when flood findings are not evidenced for the next years, the use of early warning systems is essential for the monitor and evaluation of Patate River sub-basin, this will allow to observe the different changes in its morphology.