Diseño, instalación y calibración de bloque de siete lisimetros de drenaje para ajuste de coeficiente de cultivos (Kc).

Abstract

The present investigation proposes to design, install, and calibrate a block of seven drainage lysimeters to adjust the crop coefficient (Kc). An Autocad software was used, concrete of fC=210Kg/cm2 and it was calibrated by providing a percentage overflow to cach lysimeter, resulting in a block of lysimeters of 8.11 lm by 7.07m, in the calibration a 25% envelope was obtained irrigation for lysimeters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and 50% for lysimeters 6 and 7. Subscquently, physical tests of three layers of the soil of each lysimeter were made by compacting characterization, bulk density, texture, field capacity, and permanent wilting point, obtaining an average compaction layer 1 of 2.11 Kg/cm2, for layer 2 of 5.18Kg/cm2 and layer 3 of 7.91 Kg/cm2. For apparent density in layer 1, the maximum value was 1.49g /cm3 in lysimeter 3, for layer 2 the maximum amount was 1.49g/cm3 in lysimeter 3 and for layer 3 the maximum value was 1.53g/cm3 in lysimeter 1, a silt loam texture was mostly obtained. The average cost of field capacity is 28.18%, and permanent wilting point is 9.92%. Thus also, chemical tests were determined among them organic matter obtaining a range of 0.9% to 1.8%. Subsequently, the hydraulic behavior of the water in the 3 layers of soil was determined to employ a double-ring infiltrometer obtaining a maximum value of 18mm/h in layer 1. It is concluded that the design of the seven drainage lysimeter block, its installation, and calibration could be performed correctly to determine the waler needs of the crops.