Diseño de un protocolo para el manejo adecuado de electrolitos concentrados en el Hospital Universitario Andino

Abstract

The present research work aimed to elaborate a protocol on the management of concentrated electrolytes in the Hospital Universitario Andino of the city of Riobamba, for which a mixed, retrospective, cross-sectional design was used, through descriptive-observational analysis. A study of the current state of the management of concentrated electrolytes was carried out, through the review of medical records, where medication errors were identified and surveys were applied to the nursing staff to evaluate their criteria on the process of administration of the concentrated electrolytes. The sample was made up of 60 medical records of patients with concentrated electrolyte prescriptions for the period July-September 2019, in addition to 20 nurses from the hospitalization service involved in the electrolyte process. The results obtained were tabulated in Excel and later entered into the SPSS program for descriptive statistical analysis, obtaining 40 medication errors, the most frequent being the administration error (43.33%), followed by the transcription error (23.33%). In the evaluation of the criteria of the personnel, it was found that 80.00% affirmed that they knew the regulations for the identification of electrolytic substances, 65.00% used records of preparation and labeling of electrolytic solutions and 70.00% did not have a protocol for the handling of concentrated electrolytes. It was concluded that it is necessary to develop a protocol for the proper management of electrolytes due to the existence of errors in the administration process and the lack of knowledge on the part of the staff, subsequently it was socialized to reduce adverse events and guarantee patient safety. It is recommended to train health personnel from other services so that they know the correct use of these high-risk drugs.