Evaluación de las alteraciones citomorfológicas en la línea roja, línea blanca y plaquetaria de los trabajadores en contacto directo a los hidrocarburos derivados del petróleo en la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

The objective of the present titling work was to evaluate the cytomorphological alterations in the red line, white line and platelet line of the workers in direct contact to the petroleum derived hydrocarbons in the city of Ambato, study carried out in 113 people, 103 samples of the individuals from different service stations and 10 of white belonging to another work environment, performing the total blood extraction in a lilac tube with EDTA anticoagulant, following the procedures for the determination of erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet, also blood smear was performed from each of the samples using the Wright, Giemsa, and Panoptic Staining techniques, bright cresyl blue for reticulocytes, obtaining, as a result, the total leukocyte count: leukocytosis of 23% and leucopenia of 12%, in the leukocyte formula: neutropenia 4%, eosinopenia 28%, in the red series decreased values in erythrocytes 7%, hematocrit 5%, 3% hemoglobin, altered values: erythrocytes 26%, hematocrit 23%, hemoglobin 22%, normal secondary erythrocyte indices, 15% altered reticulocytes, platelets presented normal values, erythrocyte alterations. anisocytosis11%, echinococcosis 41%, hypochromic 2%, Heinz body 3%, leukocyte alterations: 7% reactive lymphocyte, platelet abnormalities 1% platelet satellite, the comparison target showed normal values of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets without alterations in the smeared blood, concluding that the samples under study presented diminished and altered values in the different parameters and morphological alterations related to the time of occupational exposure, we recommend the use of N-95 masks according to the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), intended to reduce user exposure to certain particles dispersed in the environment by increasing occupational biosecurity.