Diseño y construcción de un biodigestor de polietileno para la obtención de biogás a partir de estiércol de ganado porcino

Abstract

A polyethylene biodigester was designed and built to obtain biogas from pig manure with the following measures: base 1 meter, height 1.5 meters, and length 12 meters. Two polyethylene sleeves were used where manure entered. Besides, excavation and construction of the side walls with concrete; while PVC pipes were used for the collection and material removal, ducts for both manure collection and gas distribution, the roof was built with zinc sheets and wooden support. The daily amount of manure produced during eighty days in kilograms was evaluated and a descriptive statistic (mean, mode, standard deviation, frequency histograms) was applied. The filling capacity and time were calculated based on the production of excreta and its volume, while for the physicochemical parameters of manure we sent a sample to the laboratory and the following was determined, the average manure production was 152, 21 kg/day and a total of 6088.22 kg during eighty days of evaluation, fecal and total coliforms were greater than 1000000 Colony Formation Units, 1.05% of total nitrogen, 0.88% phosphorus, 5684.4 mg/kg of potassium; 36.98 mg/kg of manganese, 789.97 mg/kg of iron, and a humidity of 21.04%; the capacity was 10800 liters and took twenty days to fill, while its cost amounted to $ 875.40. It is concluded that a biodigester is a viable alternative for the management of organic wastes that affect the environment. It is recommended to conduct studies aimed at optimizing the use of biogas and bio sol to give a low cost of production through the use as an alternative energy source and organic fertilizers.