Diagnóstico de la diversidad nativa de papa (Solanum spp.) y maíz (Zea mays L.) en seis comunidades de la provincia de Tungurahua.

Abstract

The present investigation proposes: diagnosing of the native diversity of potato (solamunspp.) And com (Zea mays L.) in six communities of the Tungurahua Province; with the help of a focal group guide, making 7 focals groups (3 of women, 3 of leaders and 1 with young people) for both potato and com cultivation, in which between 8 to 10 people participated per focal group. As a result, it was found that in the six communities under study, 32 potato variables were identified, of which 14 are improved variables introduced, and 18 are native variables present. There were also 6 native corn phenotypes, of which 5 are present and 1 absent. Variables or phenotypes continue to be maintained as farmers sow, harvest and re-sow them. The diversity of varieties or phenotypes present, is influenced by the forms of conservation, use and production destination. Seed recycling is the most common way to maintain seed diversity; where several forms of storage were identified, for potatoe that are in sacks and in lots, while for the corn they store it in sacks. the main use of the native diversity of potato and corn is human feeding, with the corm and potato are prepared different typical dishes of the Tungurahua Province. The production is mostly destined for participation in the different markets of the area and in smaller quantities they are destined for seed, exchange, self-consumption and animal consumption.