Efecto del sustrato enriquecido con Trichoderma spp. más citoquininas, en cinco métodos de escarificación en semillas de nogal (Juglans neotrópica Diels).

Abstract

The present research proposes to evaluate the effect of the substrate enriched with Trichoderma spp. plus Cytokinins in five scarification methods in walnut tree seeds (Juglans neotropic Diels); two commercial products as the microorganisms and the hormone were used as compost. A randomized bifactorial complete block design was used and data collection was performed at the time of germination and at 30, 60 and 90 days after seedling transplantation. The variables germination percentage, height, stem diameter and root length were quantified. As a result, germination was higher in the enriched substrate (68%) than in the non-enriched substrate (58.75%), in addition, the interaction between the substrate and the method of scarification was observed, since the T-8(Enriched Substrate + Endocarp Sanding) obtained 75,62% germination while the T-3(Non Enriched Substrate + Endocarp Sanding) obtained 47,50% demonstrating the positive effect of the hormone and the microorganism on germination. The "El" (Thermal shock) obtained 72,82% of germination, being the scarification method more efficient. For the evaluation of the initial growth, the "T9" (Enriched Substrate + Hydration) and the "T10" (Enriched Substrate + Solarization) attributed the best morphological characteristics to the Juglans neotropic Diels seedlings. The Benefit/Cost ratio was lower for the non-enriched substrate (1, 21) and higher for the enriched substrate (1, 32), showing that it is more profitable to enrich the substrate with these inputs. It is concluded that the exCcution of methods of scarification in thc seed and the application of Trichoderma spp, and cytokinins in the substrate not only make the production of walnut seedlings more profitable but also gives these better morphological characteristics.