Rendimiento del cultivo de arveja (Pisum sativum L.)Var. Televisión por acción de las abejas (Apis mellifera L.) como agentes polinizadores.

Abstract

The following research proposes: to determine the yield of the pea crop (Pisum sativum L). Var television by action of the bees (Apis mellifera L.) as pollinating agents, in the Riobamba canton, province of Chimborazo. A complete block design was made with three treatments and three repetitions, in total nine experimental units. Parameters such as: number of days elapsed from pollination to pod formation, percentage of fertilized flowers, number of pods per plant, length of pod, weight of pod, number of grains per pod, production per plant, yield (kg/ha) were evaluated and also, the benefit/cost ratio was determined. The best results were obtained in the T1 treatment (tunnel with entomological mesh plus bees), in which an increase in the following indicators was achieved: 30.8% percentage of pollinated flowers, 41.3% for number of pods; 12.17% pod length (cm), pod weight (44% pod and 51.3% green peas grain); 46.7% seed production by pods; yield kg/ha (66.37% in green pod and 71.43% in green peas grain) compared to the T2 treatmest (tunnel with anti-aphids mesh without insects). In addition, in the treatment T1 the highest benefit/cost ratio was obtained with S 3.54 and a 254% return. It is concluded that the pea despite being an autogamous species, if it has cross- pollination and the presence of Apis mellifera, it increases its yield significantly. It is recommended from the Agronomic and Economic point of view to use the T1 treatment (Tunnel with bees) to obtain greater performance, quality and profitability.