Evaluación de la eficiencia de crecimiento de Pleurotus ostreatus en residuos del cultivo de Chenopodium quinoa.

Abstract

The present work determined the efficiency of quinua residuals as a substrate for the cultivation of edible mushrooms (P. ostreatus), based on the lignin present in its structure. This residue was collected et the Tunshi experimental station, belonging to the ESPOCH and the development of solid fermentation was carried out in the Environmental Biotechnology laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences. For the inoculation Sabouraud agar was used and the massification was developed in oat grains for the later fructification through the use of stem, leaves and a mixture of both in a 50:50 ratio in transparent plastic bags, which were preserved at a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 70 to 80%. The Pleurotus ostreatus strain demonstrated a growth only in two of the three substrates (stems and mixture), in the leaves no fungal biomass was obtained because humidity exceeded the required values, the highest average of biomass production was obtained from the substrate formed by stems (339.6 grams) reaching a biological efficiency of 97.48% and a yield of 6.79%; compared to 306.16 grams obtained from the use of the of the mixture of stems and leaves reaching a biological efficiency of 88.49% and yield of 6.12%. The results obtained determine that the quinua residue presents the suitable characteristics for the production of the oyster mushroom; In addition, the post-harvest mushroom substrate, when analyzed, presents the conditions to carry out a re-composting process and be used as a bio-fertilizer, generating environmental benefits in reducing the volume of waste generated by the agroindustry, for all this it is recommended to implement this strategy with the purpose of taking advantage of the residues.