Implementación de un prototipo de robot sembrador de papa en terrenos sin inclinación para pequeños productores.

Abstract

The potato planter prototype was made by observing the need of the farmer to carry out the sowing process. The prototype was implemented in two stages, the first mechanical assembly which consists of materials such as brass and metal plates, its weight is 25 kg having an anchor in the ground making the process more efficient, it has a storage system type Hopper for 3 lb of potatoes and a transport system made with a plastic band, which will take the seed to its destination, the second stage was the electronic implementation, it has a power system, which depends on 4 engines capable of strong traction for the track type chain, with a motor in the conveyor belt to mobilize the tuber. The motors are programmed through the Arduino microprocessor in the form of a specific PWM speed control, the control system consists of sending and receiving data to the mobile application, the data is transmitted wirelessly by Wi-Fi through the NodeMCU microprocessor, complying with the Odometry parameters to fulfill the autonomous sowing process. From the tests carried out, it was determined that the prototype complied with a working time of 49 min, the sowing process according to the technical specifications both in depth and distance compared to artisanal sowing had an accuracy of 40% and 10.25% of increase in your productivity. When evaluating its cost by having a comparison between the machinery used to prepare the ground, a difference of 50.51% in the assembly of the prototype was obtained. The training of farmers on the mobile application and the operation of the prototype for proper use in the planting process is recommended.