Diseño y construcción de un chasis desarmable para un vehículo solar de competencia por medio de optimización topológica.

Abstract

The main objective of the research work is the design and construction of a disassembled chassis through topological optimization using CAD tools, such as SolidWorks and Workbench. for a solar competition vehicle that he carried out in the Automotive Engineering career of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo; For this, the analysis and investigation of the regulation of the Solar Race of Atacama (SRA) was carried out, to determine the characteristics such as: dimensions, spaces, materials, safety standards that help in the construction of the chassis, how a design is developed in SolidWorks of the prototype, with a square tube 0.0381m high. 0.0381m in width and thickness of 0.0015 m studying different types of design materials such as Aluminium (ATM 1200) and Stainless Steel (AISI 306) once the material was selected, a topological optimization was carried out to lighten the weight of the vehicle and thus save expenses on construction material. After topological optimization, simulations and static stress analysis will be carried out that allow calculating and verifying the deformations of the chassis at the top of 14.64 mm, at the front of 13.54 mm and a safety factor of 8. After the analysis of the programs are processed to the construction of the chassis with the selected material, cuts are made, union by welding and assembly by bolts and nuts, obtaining a weight of 48 kg. To verify the efficiency and safety of the chassis, a test plan such as compressive strength, tensile strength and penetrating ink test must be processed. At the end of the construction of the detachable chassis, a 44% decrease in weight will be seen with respect to the construction of the initial prototype chassis. The regulation of the solar race of Atacama was analysed as its measures, weight and forms, as well as the calculations and analysis that the regulation has as a requirement to be evaluated at the time of the competition, with the analysis of the regulation it was clear how it was going to proceed to the design and construction of the chassis. As this chassis is disassembled, great care must be taken with the components when disassembling and assembling due to poor fastening of components that cause very serious damage at the time of competition.