Evaluación de la huella hídrica de la microcuenca del Río Guano en el fortalecimiento de su gestión y política comunitaria.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the water footprint of the Guano river micro-basin in the strengthening of its management and community policy. The aforementioned phases were applied in "the methodological guide for the evaluation of the water footprint in a basin" proposed in 2002 by Dr. Arjen Hoekstra, with the purpose of obtaining an indicator of the water footprint of the Guano River micro-basin and to raise strategies to improve the management of water resources. The collection of information from the study area through population surveys and the use of the CROPWAT 8.0 software allowed identifying the most representative sectors for water sampling, soil sampling and socio-economic characterization of the study site. The green, blue, gray water footprints were calculated in the agricultural, livestock, industrial and domestic sectors. The values obtained in the green water footprint equal to 2851112.4 m3, blueprint of 2029582.87 m3 and the gray water footprint 3016031.14 m3, values that allowed to determine the environmental sustainability of the resource from the calculation of the blue scarcity indexes of 0.058, green 0.018 and the gray water contamination level of 0.53. Based on these results, 12 response strategies were proposed for the evaluation of the water footprint, of which 4 are for the agricultural sector, 5 industrial sector and 3 for the domestic sector. Currently, the Guano River micro-basin is sustainable, since its scarcity index is less than 1, however, it is important that the proposed strategies be considered for the correct use and care of the water resource.