Diagnóstico de la agrobiodiversidad nativa de papa (Solanum spp.) y maíz (Zea mays l.) en 5 comunidades de la provincia de Cotopaxi.

Abstract

The present research proposes: to diagnose the native agrobiodiversity of potatoes (Solanum spp.) And corn (Zea mays L.) in five communities of the Cotopaxi province, Salcedo canton, Cusubamba parish, Cusubamba Centro communities, Consolación, Compania Baja, Carrillo, and Chirinche. This study determined the existing varieties and phenotypes, the use, management and conservation of the native agrobiodiversity of: potato and corn by the farmers of each of the communities through the use of the focus group methodology, a total of 15 groups were carried out focal points 8 for potatoes and 7 for corn with the participation of between 15 and 20 people per focus group. Recording as a result 28 potato varieties, of which 42% are enhanced present, 32% native present, 11% improved absent, and 14% native absent. The method of obtaining both potatoes and corn are the purchase in warehouses, recycling, exchange, and institutions. The most used form of conservation is to store in bags in makeshift warehouses where they are added lime or some chemical to avoid damage by a pest. The families where the participant observation was carried out have 6 varieties in the case of potatoes and four corn phenotypes, which are mostly used for marketing, food, gifts and exchanges. It is concluded In the area it was possible to see that the genetic erosion in potatoes is greater with respect to corn, the improved varieties are in greater numbers and the farmers prefer them for their better yield, in the case of corn phenotypes the native ones are the most produced. Keywords: NATIVE AGROBIODIVERSITY - PHENOTYPES - POTATO VARIETIES