Intervención farmacológica para disminuir las exacerbaciones de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en adulto mayor que acuden al Centro Gerontológico de Cotundo Enero a Abril del 2019.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to reduce the prevalence of exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in older adults of the Gerontological Center of Corundo. To comply with it, a pharmacological intervention was applied to adapt the therapeutic schemes of each of the patients based on the spirometric functional tests applied to the study population. A total of 57 patients with a diagnosis of chronic lung disease were included in the investigation. The McNemar test was used to determine changes in the percentages of the presence of exacerbations of respiratory disease before and during the intervention. At the beginning of the investigation, a predominance of older adults of the female sex was found, as the main risk factor was the exposure to the combustion of biomass (92.9%) while smoking only represented (5.2%). There were a high number of patients with exacerbations of respiratory disease (77.19%) and inadequate therapeutic schemes (66.67%). After the intervention there was a decrease in the exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease secondary to the modification of risk factors, dose adjustment and frequency of prescribed treatments and the adequate management of risk factors, improve the patient's quality of life, It was concluded that the pharmacological intervention applied caused significant changes in the decrease in exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, with an initial percentage of patients with exacerbations of (77.19%) final result after (19.30%) with a statistical significance of p = 0.011. It is recommended to keep the population informed, through health promotion and disease prevention actions, about the environmental elements that can influence the occurrence of these diseases.