Intervención integral para disminuir la incidencia de infección de vías urinarias en mujeres embarazadas que acuden al Centro de Salud Santa Clara.

Abstract

The objective was to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women who attend the Santa Clara Health Center, from January to June 2019. According to the Ministry of Public Health, urinary tract infection is the most common disease. in pregnancy, due to the same physiological changes and various risk factors which lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. A comprehensive intervention was carried out based on the Clinical Practice Guide of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador 2013, called Urinary tract infection in pregnancy. An applied type study was used, with a quasi-experimental design, with a longitudinal, prospective, analytical cut, with a population of 68 pregnant women. The data were obtained from the application of a pre and post intervention questionnaire. The McNemar test and the Ranges with Wilcoxon Signs test were applied to measure changes in the incidence and level of knowledge about the disease. There was a predominance of pregnant women between 31 and 35 years (29.41%), high school graduates (50%), and overweight (45.83%) According to urine culture the germ with the highest presence was Escherichia Coli (91.18%), a diagnosis of Asymptomatic bacteriuria (67.65%), the most sensitive drug was Phosphomycin (52.95%). High incidence of urinary tract infection was identified at the beginning of the investigation (50.0%) which decreased to 4.4% after the same p = 0.003. It is concluded that the integral intervention applied caused significant changes in the improvement of the level of knowledge and in the reduction of the incidence of urinary tract infection. It is recommended to develop health promotion and prevention campaigns to minimize maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.