Intervención integral para disminuir la discapacidad funcional en pacientes con osteoartrosis en el barrio San Vicente de Lacas.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to intervene on the factors that affect the onset of functional disability in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis. An applied research was carried out with a quasi-experimental, descriptive, correlational design of longitudinal cut in the San Vicente de Lacas neighborhood, Maldonado parish of the Riobamba canton and Chimborazo province in the period from January to June 2019. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive health intervention was implemented based on the results obtained from the application of the Health Assessment Questionnaire validated in Spanish. The Ranges with Wilcoxon signs test and the McNemar test were applied to assess the outcome of the intervention in relation to the incidence of functional disability. There was a predominance of patients between 60 and 69 years (38.4%), female sex (58.9%) and presence of comorbidities (43.8%). 31.5% of the patients presented disability in the pretest, which subsequently decreased. It is concluded that the comprehensive health intervention applied to the reduction of functional disability in patients with osteoarthritis included in the research was statistically significant. It is recommended to apply actions of prevention and correction of risk factors of OA at early ages of life, with a coordinated follow-up with specialties that allow their control.