Intervención integral para disminuir la enfermedad cardiovascular ateroesclerótica en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 e Hipertensión Arterial del Centro de Salud Morete Puyo.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the group of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension of the Morete Puyo Health Center through a comprehensive prevention intervention, cardiovascular diseases represent the main cause of death and disability worldwide, in 2016 they accounted for 30% of the total deaths, they are related to cardiovascular risk factors, being Arterial hypertension, its main cause, in addition, that in people with diabetes mellitus, it is the main cause of death. An analytical, longitudinal, prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted (before / after study without a control group), with a population of 33 patients, belonging to the group of patients with chronic pathologies of the Morete Puyo Health Center, the integral intervention was constituted by therapeutic and educational interventions on the main cardiovascular risk factors, the McNemar test and Student's T test were used before and after the intervention to identify the changes produced. Among the main results obtained was the decrease in cardiovascular risk from 22.14 to 15.46, with a p <0.001 and greater control of risk factors: Arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high intensity protein-linked cholesterol, linked cholesterol at low intensity proteins, with a p <0.001. It is concluded that the intervention applied reduced cardiovascular risk and improved control of risk factors. It is recommended to carry out prevention campaigns on risk factors in the first level of care, through educational interventions, adoption of healthy lifestyles, therapeutic adherence and assistance to health controls.